Poetic Representation of Landscape Images: Landscape Cognition of Buddhist Temple Gardens of the Ming Dynasty in Beijing

As a unique traditional cultural landscape formed under specific historical conditions, Chinese Buddhist temple gardens are an important part of the landscape planning of ancient Chinese cities. Taking the Buddhist temple gardens in Beijing in the Ming Dynasty as an example, this research uses 826 ancient poems of Buddhist temple as research materials to explore the cognitive content of related historical landscape: 1) 7,566 original textual nodes from 826 Chinese ancient poems are extracted by using the grounded theory. The textual nodes are then divided into 58 concepts, which are all categorized into 11 categories. 2) Based on the Python and VOSviewer, the concepts are formed into six kinds of landscape images. 3) According to the historical maps and ArcGIS kernel density analysis, each landscape image is interpreted to describe the specific historical landscape and spatial distribution. The results can help better understand the historical styles of the Buddhist temple gardens of Beijing in the Ming Dynasty and serve as a reference for related researches and practice.